Species

Wallflower - Winter 2003-2004

Flower Color, Plot Development Over Time, Data and Comments

Click on the picture above.

Family:	Brassicaceae
Scientific names:	Cheiranthus cheiri
Common names:	Wallflower or cheiranthus.
Common plant arthropods (insects/other)/other:	Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and leafminer [American serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)] observed in this location.
Common plant diseases/other:	Rhizoctonia solani Keuhn, root rot. (Index of Plant Diseases in Florida, 1984 revision.). Verticillium wilt (William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening, Missouri Botanical Garden).
Commercial control:	greenhouse.	field/shade house.
Arthropod information:	Pests identified on crops. Search the Arthropod/Host Plant Database.		Florida pest facts and images. Featured Creatures
Disease information:	Plant Disease Facts (Pennsylvania State University) Ornamental Plant Disease Fact Sheets		The American Phytopathological Society Search Common Names of Plant Diseases
Performance evaluations:	trial reports and other publications.
More resources:	additional information.

Honors:

Best-of-class (BC). We select the best performer in each class, based on the "overall performance rating". This rating may not be high, if the class does not perform well (indicating a possible need for improvement in the class). The rating may be significantly different from one or more members of the class. If two or more members of a class received the same highest overall performance rating, we used another rating (such as overall foliage/flower rating or flower average rating) to determine BC. If only one cultivar was entered in a class, it automatically becomes uncontested BC. BC is evaluated in future trials against the performance of new entries in the same class. Refer to a report in "Articles, Papers & Reports" for detailed information. In addition to BC, other "honors" received for these cultivars may be added to BC at a later date, time permitting. Seed companies may forward these honors (awards) to Rick Kelly.

Rating System:

The rating is a 1 to 7 scale: 7- all foliage and flowers free from defects; 4- average foliage and flower condition, minimal plant defects or pest damage to tissue, but still acceptable; 1- foliage and/or flowers with severe defects and/or severely infested with pests and damage unacceptable, making plant undesirable. Plant death due to soilborne pests may be factored into the overall performance rating, if it is a significant problem. Refer to a report in "Articles, Papers & Reports" for details. If listed, ratings with an "a" are the best in a class. If cultivars share the same letters, those ratings are considered to be similar to each other. If there are no letters, there is only one cultivar in a class or all the members of a class have similar ratings.

American Takii

Ball Seed

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Floranova Plant Breeders

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

The Flower Fields

Grimes Seeds & Plants

Kieft Seeds Holland

E. Benary Seed of America

Vinca

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Scroll down the page or click on the color of choice to view individual cultivars within a color class:

Cream

Red

Rose

Yellow

Winter

Note: data and pictures will be added as time allows.

Winter

ROK-swallowtail

Spicebush swallowtail butterfly (Papilio troilus) feeds on nectar from the wallflower 'Charity Yellow' (winter 2001-2002).

Click on the monarch butterfly picture to the right to view another species on gomphrena:

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Performance was good to very good for the entire series, when reevaluated as a winter crop here. This crop went to seed between mid February and March, ending evaluations. Best-of-class 'Charity Cream Yellow, has been used at Hollis Gardens (one of our best-of-class garden participants) in the past with success. All the other cultivars in the series should find equal success. Diamondback moth and leafminer were pests on our untreated plants over time in our location.

Winter

Cream class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10¹)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 19)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Charity Cream Yellow'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot D Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot B Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot D Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Plot D Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 79

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter²	Days to First Flower³	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating⁴	Overall Pest Rating⁵	Overall Performance Rating⁶
13 Oct.	2.5 b (1.0 b)	67	5.3 a	6.4	5.8 a

Honors: Best-of-class (uncontested) for color class. Best-of-class (cultivar series).

Comments: This cultivar was best-of-class in winter 2001-2002.

Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems.

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Red class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 19)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Charity Scarlet'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot C Plot B Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot C Plot D Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot C Plot A Sprayed Field Plot D Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot C Plot A Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 81

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Overall Pest Rating	Overall Performance Rating
13 Oct.	3.3 a (1.3 a)	57	4.7 b	5.8	5.3 b

Honors: Best-of-class (uncontested) for color class.

Comments: This cultivar was best-of-class in fall 2000. Performance was poor in the fall season, but good when reevaluated in winter.

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Rose class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 19)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Charity Rose Red'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot D Sprayed Field Plot A Unsprayed Field	Plot B Sprayed Field Plot A Unsprayed Field	Plot D Sprayed Field Plot A Unsprayed Field	Plot A Sprayed Field No Picture Unsprayed Field	Plot A Sprayed Field Plot A Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 80

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Overall Pest Rating	Overall Performance Rating
13 Oct.	3.4 a (1.3 a)	66	5.5 a	6.1	5.7 a

Honors: Best-of-class (uncontested) for color class.

Comments: This cultivar was best-of-class in fall 2000. Performance was poor in the fall season, but very good when reevaluated in winter. There are some yellow flowered plants mixed in with this cultivar in some of the plots.

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Yellow class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 19)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Charity Yellow'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot B Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot D Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Plot D Plot C Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Plot A Plot C Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 82

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Overall Pest Rating	Overall Performance Rating
13 Oct.	2.8 b (1.1 b)	59	5.5 a	6.0	5.7 a

Honors: Best-of-class (uncontested) for color class.

Comments: This cultivar was best-of-class in winter 2001-2002.

FAWN BRADENTON Weather Monthly Summary:

Date	Air Temp (°F)		Rainfall	Hours Below Certain Temperature (hours)
Date	Min	Max	(inches)	40°F	45°F	50°F	55°F	60°F	65°F	70°F	75°F
Dec., 2003	33.4	81.1	3.23	20.4	20.3	11.8	-8.5	9.7	-16.1	84.5	159.5
Jan., 2004	33.6	81.6	1.85	39.9	26.1	-25.3	-2.7	12.7	52.4	89.8	151.5
February, 2004	37.8	82.8	4.06	9.6	18.4	20.1	9.1	5.7	-24.9	19.6	112.3
Mar., 2004	41.5	83.3	0.38	0.0	6.6	45.5	7.6	11.4	-81.5	-73.6	61.0

ROK

1. The number of weeks from seed sowing to the date the plant was photographed. Photographs were taken in a field sprayed on demand as needed, after scouting for pests, and a field that is not sprayed at all. Values with an "a" are considered significantly greater than those with a "b", "c", etc., and those without a letter are not considered to be significantly different.

2. Measured in centimeters and inches [cm (inches)]. Values with an "a" are considered significantly greater than those with a "b", "c", etc., and those without a letter are not considered to be significantly different.

3. Average number of days from sowing to unfurling of the first flower in the plots. Values with an "a" are considered significantly greater than those with a "b", "c", etc., and those without a letter are not considered to be significantly different.

4. The average of the combined foliage and flower data in the sprayed field as an expression of cultivar quality. Values with an "a" are considered significantly greater than those with a "b", "c", etc., and those without a letter are not considered to be significantly different.

5. The average of the combined foliage and flower data in the un sprayed field as an expression of arthropod and disease symptoms. Values with an "a" are considered significantly greater than those with a "b", "c", etc., and those without a letter are not considered to be significantly different.

6. The average of the combined overall foliage/flower rating and overall pest rating. If plant death from a soilborne pathogen resulted, this was factored into the rating. Values with an "a" are considered significantly greater than those with a "b", "c", etc., and those without a letter are not considered to be significantly different. See Articles, Papers & Reports for further explanation in the reports.

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