Species

Viola - Winter 2003-2004

Flower Color, Plot Development Over Time, Data and Comments

Family:	Violaceae
Scientific names:	Viola cornuta and Viola ×williamsii.
Common names:	Horned Viola, Viola, Miniature Pansy or Johnny Jump-up
Common plant arthropods (insects/other)/other:	Aphids. Pea leafminer (found here, but records show no established population in this state).
Common plant diseases/other:	Alternaria leaf spot, Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr., gray mold; Cercospora violae Sacc., leafspot; Colletotrichum violae-tricoloris R. E. Sm., anthracnose; Fusarium oxysorum Schlecht. var aurantiacum (LK.) Wr., root rot; Pytophthora parasitica Dast., root and crown rot, leaf blight; Pythium sp., root rot, damping-off; Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn, root and stem rot, damping-off; Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., southern blight; Sphaceloma violae Jenk., scab; Sphaerotheca macularis (Wallr. ex Fr.) W. B. Cooke [S. humili (DC. Burr.)], powdery mildew; Stemphylium sp., leaf spot; edema (physiological problem) (Index of Plant Diseases in Florida, 1984 revision.). Thielaviopsis root rot is also found on this crop.
Commercial control:	Greenhouse.	Field/shade house.
Arthropod information:	Pests identified on crops. Search the Arthropod/Host Plant Database.		Florida pest facts and images. Featured Creatures
Disease information:	Plant Disease Facts (Pennsylvania State University) Ornamental Plant Disease Fact Sheets		The American Phytopathological Society Search Common Names of Plant Diseases
Performance evaluations:	Trial reports and other publications.
More resources:	Additional information.

Honors:

Best-of-class (BC). We select the best performer in each class, based on the "overall performance rating". This rating may not be high, if the class does not perform well (indicating a possible need for improvement in the class). The rating may be significantly different from one or more members of the class. If two or more members of a class received the same highest overall performance rating, we used another rating (such as overall foliage/flower rating or flower average rating) to determine BC. If only one cultivar was entered in a class, it automatically becomes uncontested BC. BC is evaluated in future trials against the performance of new entries in the same class. Refer to a report in "Articles, Papers & Reports" for detailed information. In addition to BC, other "honors" received for these cultivars may be added to BC at a later date, time permitting. Seed companies may forward these honors (awards) to Rick Kelly.

Rating System:

The rating is a 1 to 7 scale: 7- all foliage and flowers free from defects; 4- average foliage and flower condition, minimal plant defects or pest damage to tissue, but still acceptable; 1- foliage and/or flowers with severe defects and/or severely infested with pests and damage unacceptable, making plant undesirable. Plant death due to soilborne pests may be factored into the overall performance rating, if it is a significant problem. Refer to a report in "Articles, Papers & Reports" for details. If listed, ratings with an "a" are the best in a class. If cultivars share the same letters, those ratings are considered to be similar to each other. If there are no letters, there is only one cultivar in a class or all the members of a class have similar ratings.

American Takii

Ball Seed

Bodger Seeds

Floranova Plant Breeders

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

The Flower Fields

Grimes Seeds & Plants

Kieft Seeds Holland

E. Benary Seed of America

Vinca

Scroll down the page or click on the color of choice to view individual cultivars within a color class:

Orange shades/tints	Pink	Purple (light), blue-violet/yellow/white	Purple blue-violet with white
Purple, red-violet with white	Purple, red-violet/yellow/white	Yellow/white face with purple (dark), blue-violet cap	White face with purple (dark), red-violet cap

Winter

Note: data and pictures will be added as time allows.

Winter

Click on the icon to view weather data.

Orange shades/tints class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 18)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Gem Antique Apricot'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot C Plot D Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot C Plot D Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 74

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating
6 Oct.	2.6 (1.0)	65	5.2	6.9	6.1

Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested.

Comments: New entry.

Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems.

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Pink class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 18)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Gem Antique Pink'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot A Plot C Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Plot C Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 76

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating
6 Oct.	3.0 (1.2)	53	5.8	6.9	6.3

Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested.

Comments: New entry.

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Purple (light), blue-violet/yellow/white class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 7)	26 Dec. (week 9)	10 Jan. (week 12)	24 Jan. (week 14)	10 Feb. (week 16)	28 Feb. (week 19)	21 Mar. (week 22)
'Princess Lavender Yellow'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot C Plot D Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 26

PanAmerican Seed
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating
21 Oct.	3.0 (1.2)	68	5.3	6.8	6.1

Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested.

Comments: Original pictures showed 'Gem Lavender Antique' to be similar in hue to 'Princess Lavender Yellow', but the true colors are not close enough to match them in the same class.

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Purple, blue-violet with white class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10¹)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 18)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Sorbet Icy Blue'	Sprayed Field Sprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot C Plot D Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 166

PanAmerican Seed
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter²	Days to First Flower³	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating⁴	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating⁵	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating⁶
6 Oct.	3.8 (1.5)	60 b	5.8	6.8 b	6.3

Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested.

Comments: New entry. When compared to 'Penny Orchid Frost' (purple, red-violet class), 'Sorbet Icy Blue' (color pattern very similar, but tinted more blue-violet), days to flower were less. 'Sorbet Icy Blue' had significanly better foliage and flower ratings late the season, but overall foliage/flower ratings were similar.

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Purple, red-violet with white class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 18)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Penny Orchid Frost'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot B Plot C Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot C Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot C Plot D Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 40

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating
6 Oct.	3.4 (1.3)	66	5.8	6.9 a	6.3

Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested (established in winter 2001-2002).

Comments: When compared to 'Sorbet Icy Blue' (purple, red-violet class), 'Penny Orchid Frost' (color pattern very similar, but tinted more red-violet), days to flower were greater. 'Penny Orchid Frost' had lower foliage and flower ratings late the season, but overall foliage/flower ratings were similar.

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Purple, red-violet/yellow/white class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 7)	26 Dec. (week 9)	10 Jan. (week 12)	24 Jan. (week 14)	10 Feb. (week 16)	28 Feb. (week 19)	21 Mar. (week 22)
'Gem Lavender Antique'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	10 Jan. (week 12) Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 75

American Takii
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating
21 Oct.	2.9 (1.1)	49	5.3	6.8	6.0

Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested.

Comments: New entry. Original pictures showed this to be similar in hue to 'Princess Lavender Yellow'.

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Yellow/white face with purple (dark), blue-violet cap class

Picture date:	12 Dec. (week 10)	26 Dec. (week 12)	10 Jan. (week 14)	24 Jan. (week 16)	10 Feb. (week 18)	28 Feb. (week 21)	21 Mar. (week 24)
'Penny Classic Jump-Up'	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Plot B Plot C Unsprayed Field	Sprayed Field Unsprayed Field
Cultivar No: 47

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds
Picture date:

Seed Sowing Date	Flower Diameter	Days to First Flower	Overall Foliage/Flower Rating	Adjusted Overall Pest Rating	Adjusted Overall Performance Rating
6 Oct.	3.3 (1.3)	48	5.7 a	6.4	6.0 a