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Flower Color, Plot Development Over Time, Data and Comments |
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Data and pictures will be added as time allows. |
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Vinca |
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Vinca |
| Botany |
| Family: | Solanaceae |
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| Scientific names: | Nicotiana affinis+, Nicotiana alata Link & Otto*, Nicotiana ×sanderae W. Watson** and Nicotiana x hybrida***. +Sakata Seed America (Daehnfeldt variety) and ***Floranova Plant Breeders list those scientific names the same superscripts, but they are not listed in The Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) or +accepted in Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). | ||
| Common names: | All are often referred to as nicotiana or flowering tobacco. GRIN lists *flowering tobacco and *Jasmine tobacco, and **Sander's tobacco is an accepted name by the ITIS. | ||
| Native habitat: | *Southern America - Brazil at Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina; Southern South America in the countires of Argentina (provinces of Corrientes, Entre Rios and Misiones), Paraguay and Uruguay; **only cultivated. | ||
View
maps related to habitat and other topics from this link to the National
Geographic MapMachine:  . |
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| Pests | |||
| Common plant arthropods (insects/other)/other: | Reported arthropod symptoms in literature: broad mite, cabbage looper, corn earworm, green peach aphid, pepper weevil adults, thrips*, tobacco budworm, whitefly* (Featured Creatures, U. of Florida and *Floranova Plant Breeders). | ||
Arthropod
symptoms
observed in this trial: budworm (Heliothis
sp.) affected most cultivars to a minor degree, with the exception of ‘Perfume
Bright Rose’, which was severely affected by budworm feeding to
flowers, and slightly to the foliage, of all its plots. This
damage may be seen by clicking on the gator:  .
Some thrips damage to flower and leafminer damage were minor. |
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| Common plant diseases/other: | Reported disease symptoms in literature: none were found listed specifically for the ornamental species/hybrids, but here are diseases listed for commercial tobacco, N. tabacum: Alternaria alternata, leaf spot; A. longipes, brown spot; Aspergillus niger v. Tiegh, stem rot; A. oryzae, stem rot; Cercosporta nicotianae, frogeye leaf spot; Erwinia carotovaora pv. carotovora (L. R. Jones) Holland pv. carotovaora (L. R. Jones) Bergey et al., hollow stalk rot; Fusarium oxisporum Schlecht. f. nicotianae (J. Johnson) Snyd. & Hans., wilt; Peronospora tabacina Adam, blue mold; Phytophthora parasitica Dast. var. nicotianae (B. de H.) Tucker, black shank; Pseudomonas solanacearum E. F. Sm., Granville (bacterial) wilt, slime disease. P. syringae van Hall pv. tabaci (Wolf & Foster) Young, Dye & Wilkie, wild fire; Pythium spp., damping- off: P. aphanider-matum (Edson) Fitzp., P. debaryanum Hesse, P. ultimum Trow. Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn, damping-off, "sore-shin" of seedlings; Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., southern blight, stem rot; Steptomyxa affinis (Sherb.) Wr., scab, blotch; Thielavioupsis basicola (Berk. & Br.) Ferr., black root rot; viruses: mosaics (cumcumber mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus), and veinbranding (potato virus Y); None-disease physiological symptoms: chlorosis from potassium and magnesium deficiencies, dwarfing leaf curl (chloride toxicity) and weather fleck (ozone injury) (Index of Plant Diseases in Florida, 1984 revision.). | ||
| Diseases symptoms observed in this trial: minor symptoms of graymold on flowers and some foliar necrosis were not seriousl; However, a number of plants wilted and broke off at stem base. No primary pathogen could be isolated from this crop, but Fusarium oxisporum was isolated from other crops showing similar symptoms. | |||
| Commercial control: | Greenhouse. | Field/shade house. | |
| Arthropod information: | Pests identified on crops. | Florida pest facts and images. | |
| Disease information: | Plant Disease Facts (Pennsylvania State University) | The American Phytopathological Society | |
| More Links and Information | |||
| Performance evaluations: | Trial reports and other publications. | ||
| More resources: | Additional information. | ||
| Honors: | Best-of-class (BC). We select the best performer in each class, based on the "overall performance rating". This rating may not be high, if the class does not perform well (indicating a possible need for improvement in the class). The rating may be significantly different from one or more members of the class. If two or more members of a class received the same highest overall performance rating, we used another rating (such as overall foliage/flower rating or flower average rating) to determine BC. If only one cultivar was entered in a class, it automatically becomes uncontested BC. BC is evaluated in future trials against the performance of new entries in the same class. Refer to a report in "Articles, Papers & Reports" for detailed information. In addition to BC, other "honors" received for these cultivars may be added to BC at a later date, time permitting. Seed companies may forward these honors (awards) to Rick Kelly. |
| Rating System: | The rating is a 1 to 7 scale: 7- all foliage and flowers free from defects; 4- average foliage and flower condition, minimal plant defects or pest damage to tissue, but still acceptable; 1- foliage and/or flowers with severe defects and/or severely infested with pests and damage unacceptable, making plant undesirable. Plant death due to soilborne pests may be factored into the overall performance rating, if it is a significant problem. Refer to a report in "Articles, Papers & Reports" for details. If listed, ratings with an "a" are the best in a class. If cultivars share the same letters, those ratings are considered to be similar to each other. If there are no letters, there is only one cultivar in a class or all the members of a class have similar ratings. |
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Scroll down the page or click on the color of choice to view individual cultivars within a color class: |
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These classes represent a mix of species/hybrids |
| Dwarf [< 24 inches (61 cm)] |
| Dwarf mixes class |
| Dwarf red class |
| Dwarf rose class |
| Dwarf white class |
| Tall [> 24 inches (61 cm)] |
| Tall red shades/tints class |
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Winter |
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Winter |
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Dwarf blue class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 111) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Perfume Blue' |
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 227 | |||||||
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Picture date: |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 5.4 (2.1) | 65 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
| Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested. |
| Comments: Nicotiana x sanderae. New entry for 2004. In early May, ‘Perfume Blue’ foliage was full, though plant size was variable, and flower numbers were low to fair. From mid May to early June, foliage fullness and quality, as well as flower numbers and distribution were good to outstanding. Generally, pests were not a problem and ratings remained high. |
| Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems. |
| Back to Color of Choice | Back to the Top |
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Nicotiana hybrids dwarf mix class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 11) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Havana Mix' |
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 54 | |||||||
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Some of the flower colors seen in this mix: |
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Picture date: |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 4.5 (1.8) | 73 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.4 |
| Honors: |
| Comments: Nicotiana affinis. Best-of-class established in fall 2000. Reevaluated with 'Saratoga Mixture' to resolve best-of-class. |
| Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems. |
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Nicotiana hybrids dwarf mix class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 11) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Perfume Mix' |
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 229 | |||||||
| Some of the flower colors seen in this mix: | For now, click and select nicotiana for colors: Floranova Plant Breeders | ||||||
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Picture date: |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 5.4 (2.1) | 68 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.5 |
| Honors: Best-of-class, replacing 'Havana Mix' and 'Saratoga Mixture', reevaluated to resolve best-of-class. |
| Comments: Nicotiana x sanderae. New entry for 2004. ‘Perfume Mix’ was the largest plant in its class. Pests were not serious on the foliage or flowers, but plant deaths occurred for all the members of this class. |
| Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems. |
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Nicotiana hybrids dwarf mix class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 11) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Saratoga Mixture' |
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A All dead. Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 142 | |||||||
| Some of the flower colors seen in this mix: |
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Picture date: |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 4.7 (1.9) | 57 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.5 |
| Honors: |
| Comments: Nicotiana alata. Best-of-class established in spring 2002. Reevaluated with 'Havana Mix' to resolve best-of-class. ‘Saratoga Mixture’ bloomed 11-16 days sooner than the other mixes, and was the most compact plant in this class. |
| Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems. |
| Back to Color of Choice | Back to the Top |
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dwarf red class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 11) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Perfume Red' |
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 230 | |||||||
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Picture date: |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 5.2 (2.0) | 72 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 5.0 |
| Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested. |
| Comments: Nicotiana x sanderae. New entry for 2004. ‘Perfume Red’ (new for spring 2004), uncontested. Early May foliage development and flowering was variable, with flower numbers ranging from very good to poor. By mid May, foliage remained uneven, but was full and had high ratings; flowering was outstanding, and the red color remained strong. In early June, foliage remained uneven, was very full, but had some slight gaps; flower numbers were good to very good, but the red color showed some fading. Pests were not serious on the foliage or flowers, but plant deaths occurred. Though adjusted overall performance was good, this cultivar had the lowest rating value for the dwarfs, due to poor flowering early in the season and higher plant deaths. |
| Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems. |
| Back to Color of Choice | Back to the Top |
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Tall red shades/tints class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 111) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Tinkerbell' |
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 232 | |||||||
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Extra pictures: |
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Sun behind viewer. |
Sun in front of viewer. | ||||||
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Flowers of this cultivar face away from direct sunlight over the course of a day in an apparent aphotoropic response. This did not occur in any other nicotiana cultivar. |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 2.2 (0.9) | 75 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 4.5 |
| Honors: Best-of-class, uncontested. |
| Comments: Nicotiana x hybrida. New entry for 2004. ‘Tinkerbell’ only had fair adjusted overall performance, the lowest rating of any flowering tobacco cultivar. In early May, foliage quality, fullness and uniformity were outstanding, but as time went on, these ratings were reduced to poor, due to lodging, chlorsis and poor quality. Flower numbers were very good between early and mid May, but by early June, they were very low. Pests were generally not a problem; some foliar necrosis lowered ratings in early June. ‘Tinkerbell’ suffered the greatest number of plant deaths of any flowering tobacco cultivar. This had a dramatic effect on the adjusted overall performance rating, which was only fair. There was one interesting difference observed in this plant: flowers faced away from direct sunlight over the course of a day in an apparent aphotoropic response (see pictures above). |
| Details of performance for this cultivar will be posted on the web in "Articles, Papers & Reports" at the completion of this trial. These details will include ratings over the entire season and pest problems. |
| Back to Color of Choice | Back to the Top |
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dwarf rose class |
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Picture date: |
1 May (week 111) | 14 May (week 13) | 31 May (week 16) | ||||
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'Perfume Bright Rose' |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Plot A
Plot B Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
Sprayed Field
Unsprayed Field |
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| Cultivar No: 228 | |||||||
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Picture date: |
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Seed Sowing Date |
Flower Diameter2 |
Days to First Flower3 |
Overall Foliage/Flower Rating4 |
Overall Pest Rating5 |
Overall Performance Rating6 |
| 11 Feb. | 5.2 (2.0) | 59 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
